Which statement about alprazolam's effect on anxiety symptoms is accurate?

• A. It reduces anxiety
• B. It increases anxiety
• C. It has no effect
• D. It treats respiratory issues

Answer: (A)

Alprazolam reduces anxiety because it is a benzodiazepine that enhances GABA activity at the GABA-A receptor. By binding to that site, it increases the frequency of chloride channel openings, hyperpolarizing neurons and dampening the neural activity that drives anxious thoughts and physical tension. This produces a rapid, calming, anxiolytic effect. It does not increase anxiety, nor does it have no effect, and it isn’t used to treat respiratory issues—the primary use is to lessen anxiety symptoms (and sometimes panic symptoms). Keep in mind that while effective acutely, long-term use carries risks like dependence and sedation.